Frequently asked questions

No. You need 40 years to qualify for the minimum pension (the guaranteed floor of €2,376.62 per month in 2026). For a full pension calculated under the standard formula, you only need 10 years of insurance.

With less than 10 years of Luxembourg insurance, you may still qualify if your insurance from other EU/EEA/Swiss/UK countries (or treaty countries) brings the total above 120 months. Under EU Regulation 883/2004, if you worked in Luxembourg for less than 12 months, Luxembourg does not pay a separate pension — but the months are not lost either. They are counted by your other country of insurance for its own qualification test, under the EU totalisation rule (or a bilateral convention, where one applies). Note that four bilateral treaties (Quebec, India, Japan, South Korea) drop the 12-month Luxembourg gate entirely, so even a few Luxembourg months can trigger a Luxembourg pro-rata pension if total aggregated career ≥ 120 months. See What happens to your Luxembourg pension if you leave for detail.

Only if you have 40 years of obligatory insurance — meaning years spent actually working in employment or self-employment in Luxembourg. Study years, baby years, and other complementary periods don't count for the 57-year threshold. Most people who retire at 57 started working full-time around age 17.

Yes, if you have 40 years of total insurance, with at least 10 years of obligatory (or equivalent) insurance. Complementary periods — study years, baby years, military service — count toward the total. This is the more common early-retirement path.

Note: from 1 July 2026, the stage requirement for age-60 retirement is progressively extended. People reaching 480 months in 2026 need 1 extra month; by 2030, 8 extra months. Check the current requirement if you're planning around 60.

It depends on the rest of your career.

8 years in Luxembourg = 96 months. That's above the 12-month minimum but below the 120-month threshold for a pension calculated on Luxembourg years alone. Two paths to a Luxembourg pension on those 8 years:

You also have insurance in another EU/EEA/Swiss/UK country, or in a country Luxembourg has a social-security treaty with. EU Regulation 883/2004 (or the applicable bilateral treaty) totalises periods across countries. If your aggregated career reaches 120 months, Luxembourg pays a pro-rata pension on its 8 years — Art. 52 of Reg 883/2004 takes the higher of an autonomous calculation (LU-only) and a pro-rata calculation (theoretical full-career pension scaled by your Luxembourg share). The same dual logic applies under the bilateral treaties Luxembourg has implemented (United States, Canada, Quebec, India, Japan, South Korea, Brazil, Chile, Argentina, Uruguay, Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Moldova, Montenegro, Morocco, North Macedonia, Serbia, Turkey, Tunisia, Cape Verde); four of those (Quebec, India, Japan, South Korea) drop the 12-month Luxembourg gate entirely.

Your 8 Luxembourg years are stand-alone, with no EU or treaty career to aggregate. Luxembourg pays nothing — this is the 10-year rule's hard edge — and contributions are not refunded. The months are still credited toward the minimum-stage test of any EU or treaty country you work in afterwards, so they aren't lost in the totalisation sense; they shift the qualifying weight to the next country. A narrow exception, the rachat (back-purchase of insurance periods), lets a worker who returns to Luxembourg and meets specific criteria pay in to credit additional periods — that is a mechanism for the worker to pay, not to receive a refund.

Use the calculator to model your specific career. See The 10-year rule and What happens if you leave for detail.

You begin contributing as soon as you start employment in Luxembourg, at any age. For pension-calculation purposes, only years from age 16 count toward insurance (complementary periods like study years kick in from age 18 in most cases).

Toggle the "I plan to leave Luxembourg before retirement" option on the calculator. You'll enter your Luxembourg career end date, pick a claim age (57, 60, or 65 — the calculator greys out ages you don't qualify for under CSS Art 184), and select where you're moving.

The calculator groups destinations into four regimes. EU/EEA/Switzerland/UK uses the EU Regulation 883/2004 pro-rata calculation alongside your Luxembourg standalone pension. Bilateral-treaty countries with implemented engines (United States, Canada, Quebec, India, Japan, South Korea, Brazil, Chile, Argentina, Uruguay, Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Cape Verde, Moldova, Montenegro, Morocco, North Macedonia, Serbia, the Philippines, Tunisia, Turkey) run the treaty's own totalisation and pay the higher of the autonomous and pro-rata amounts — all 21 bilateral countries with totalisation are now backed by per-treaty engines; the 22-treaty rebuild is complete. No-agreement destinations, including any country not listed in the dropdown via the "Other country (not listed)" option, show your Luxembourg standalone pension with a reminder to confirm payment abroad with CNAP before relocating.

See The 10-year rule and What happens to your Luxembourg pension if you leave for detail on how much you'd receive and when.

Each country calculates and pays its own portion of your pension based on your years there. France applies French rules to your French career; Luxembourg applies the CNAP formula to your Luxembourg career. You'll receive two pensions that run independently, each starting when the respective country's age and stage conditions are met.

Your Luxembourg pension is calculated under EU Regulation 883/2004's Art. 52 dual rule: Luxembourg computes both an autonomous amount (on Luxembourg years only) and a pro-rata amount (a theoretical full-career pension scaled by your Luxembourg share of total aggregated months), and pays whichever is higher. French years count toward Luxembourg's 10-year eligibility threshold via totalisation, and they enter the pro-rata denominator. They don't add to the autonomous amount.

Yes. Enter your German insurance periods alongside your Luxembourg periods and the calculator runs the EU 883/2004 coordination for the Luxembourg side: the 12-month LU gate, the aggregated 120-month stage gate, and the Art. 52 dual calculation paying the higher of the autonomous and pro-rata amounts. Your German pension is paid separately by Deutsche Rentenversicherung under German rules — the calculator does not compute the German side. See Methodology — cross-border.

Yes. The U.S.-Luxembourg Social Security Agreement (signed 1992, in force 1993) lets your U.S. insurance periods count toward Luxembourg's 12-month minimum (Article 17) and the 120-month aggregated stage (CSS Art 171 via Article 12). The calculator now models the Luxembourg side of this aggregation: enter your U.S. months alongside your LU career and it returns a Luxembourg pension under Article 16 — either the higher of the autonomous and pro-rata amounts (Article 16(1), if you qualify on LU periods alone) or the pro-rata amount alone (Article 16(2), if you only qualify through aggregation). The accuracy bar is ±5%, treaty-derived (not CCSS-validated). Each country pays its own portion: the U.S. Social Security Administration applies its own aggregation rules under Article 13 of the treaty when computing your U.S. benefit, which this calculator does not estimate. See Methodology — U.S.-Luxembourg Bilateral.

Yes. The Canada-Luxembourg Social Security Convention (signed 22 May 1986, in force since 1 April 1990, substantially amended by the 1992 Avenant in force 1 January 1994) lets your Canadian insurance periods count toward Luxembourg's 12-month minimum (Article IX bis(1), added by the Avenant) and the 120-month aggregated stage (CSS Art 171 via Article VIII). One Canadian year corresponds to 12 Luxembourg months for this test (Article VIII(3)). The calculator models the Luxembourg side of this aggregation: enter your Canadian months alongside your LU career and it returns a Luxembourg pension under Article XII (post-Avenant) — either the higher of the autonomous and pro-rata amounts (Article XII(1), if you qualify on LU periods alone) or the pro-rata amount alone (Article XII(2), if you only qualify through aggregation). The accuracy bar is ±5%, treaty-derived (not CCSS-validated). Each country pays its own portion: Service Canada applies its own aggregation rules under Articles X and XI of the convention when computing your Old Age Security and Canada Pension Plan benefits, which this calculator does not estimate. Note: Quebec runs its own provincial pension regime (Régie des rentes du Québec / RRQ); periods worked in Quebec are governed by a separate Quebec-Luxembourg entente, modelled by a distinct treaty engine — see the next FAQ. See Methodology — Canada-Luxembourg Bilateral.

Yes — and yes, separately. Quebec runs its own provincial pension regime, the Régime de rentes du Québec (RRQ), administered by Retraite Québec, distinct from the federal Canada Pension Plan (CPP) administered by Service Canada. The two are governed by separate treaties: the Canada-Luxembourg Convention (1986, amended 1992) covers CPP; the Quebec-Luxembourg Entente (1987, amended 1992) covers RRQ. The calculator models both as separate treaty engines — enter your Quebec months under "Quebec" in the country dropdown, and your rest-of-Canada months under "Canada". A user with both Toronto (CPP) and Montreal (RRQ) career years gets two Luxembourg-side calculations, one per treaty, and the calculator pays whichever is higher (per CCSS's accord par accord practice).

The Quebec entente uses the same autonomous-or-better and pro-rata mechanics as Canada-Luxembourg under Article 14bis (added by the 1992 Avenant), with one substantive difference: the Quebec entente has no separate 1-year LU minimum gate. Even if your Luxembourg insurance is below 12 months, you can still receive a Luxembourg pension under the Quebec treaty path provided the 120-month aggregated stage is met (under Canada-Luxembourg or U.S.-Luxembourg, you'd be blocked by the 1-year gate). The accuracy bar is ±5%, treaty-derived. Retraite Québec applies its own aggregation rules under Article 13 of the entente when computing your Quebec benefit, which this calculator does not estimate. See Methodology — Quebec-Luxembourg Bilateral.

Yes, but only if your Indian career was under the Employees' Pension Scheme (EPS) administered by EPFO (the Employees' Provident Fund Organisation). The India-Luxembourg Agreement on Social Security (signed 30 September 2009, in force 1 June 2011) covers only EPS — it does not cover the National Pension System (NPS, for government workers and voluntary subscribers) or the Employees' Provident Fund (EPF/PF, the savings vehicle paired with EPS). When entering Indian months in the calculator, count only your EPS-creditable months.

Your EPS periods count toward the 120-month aggregated stage required for a Luxembourg pension (CSS Art 171 via Article 12 of the Agreement). The calculator returns a Luxembourg pension under Article 14 — either the higher of the autonomous and pro-rata amounts (Article 14(1), if you qualify on Luxembourg periods alone) or the pro-rata amount alone (Article 14(2), if you only qualify through aggregation). Like the Quebec-Luxembourg entente, the India-Luxembourg agreement has no separate 1-year LU minimum gate — even with as little as 6 months of Luxembourg insurance you can still receive a Luxembourg pension under this treaty path provided the 120-month aggregated stage is met. The accuracy bar is ±5%, treaty-derived (not CCSS-validated). EPFO computes the Indian-side EPS benefit independently under Article 16 of the Agreement, which this calculator does not estimate. The authentic text of the Agreement is in English (the secu.lu French version is a non-authoritative translation). See Methodology — India-Luxembourg Bilateral.

Yes. The Japan-Luxembourg Agreement on Social Security (signed 10 October 2014, in force 1 August 2017) covers both Japanese public pension pillars — the National Pension (Kokumin Nenkin / 国民年金) and the Employees' Pension Insurance (Kosei Nenkin / 厚生年金). Either pillar's coverage months count toward the 120-month aggregated stage required for a Luxembourg pension (CSS Art 171 via Article 13 of the Agreement). When entering Japanese months in the calculator, count your total Japanese coverage months across whichever pillars apply. Japan Pension Service (JPS / 日本年金機構) administers both pillars and computes the Japanese-side benefit independently under Article 16 of the Agreement, which this calculator does not estimate.

The calculator returns a Luxembourg pension under Article 19 — either the higher of the autonomous and pro-rata amounts (Article 19(1), if you qualify on Luxembourg periods alone) or the pro-rata amount alone (Article 19(2), if you only qualify through aggregation). Like the Quebec-Luxembourg and India-Luxembourg conventions, the Japan-Luxembourg agreement has no separate 1-year LU minimum gate — even with as little as 6 months of Luxembourg insurance you can still receive a Luxembourg pension under this treaty path provided the 120-month aggregated stage is met. The accuracy bar is ±5%, treaty-derived (not CCSS-validated). The authentic text of the Agreement is in English (a French translation was published in Mémorial A 2016-61 but superseded by the English version in A 2016-67 with a correction notice). See Methodology — Japan-Luxembourg Bilateral.

Yes. The Korea-Luxembourg Agreement on Social Security (signed 1 March 2018, in force 1 September 2019) covers Korea's National Pension Act — a single, unified pension scheme administered by NPS Korea (국민연금공단). There's no multi-pillar question on the Korean side; if your Korean career was under NPS, your coverage months count toward the 120-month aggregated stage required for a Luxembourg pension (CSS Art 171 via Article 15 of the Agreement). When entering Korean months in the calculator, enter your total NPS coverage months. NPS computes the Korean-side benefit independently under Article 19 of the Agreement, which this calculator does not estimate.

The calculator returns a Luxembourg pension under Article 17 — either the higher of the autonomous and pro-rata amounts (Article 17(1)–(2), if you qualify on Luxembourg periods alone) or the pro-rata amount alone (Article 17(3), if you only qualify through aggregation). Like the Quebec-Luxembourg, India-Luxembourg, and Japan-Luxembourg conventions, the Korea-Luxembourg agreement has no separate 1-year LU minimum gate — even with as little as 6 months of Luxembourg insurance you can still receive a Luxembourg pension under this treaty path provided the 120-month aggregated stage is met. The accuracy bar is ±5%, treaty-derived (not CCSS-validated). The convention is signed in three equally authentic languages (French, Korean, English), with English as the tiebreaker on divergence. A rectificatif published one day after the original (Mémorial A 2019-384) corrected a single cross-reference in the French column — purely typographical, no operative effect. See Methodology — Korea-Luxembourg Bilateral.

Yes. The Brazil-Luxembourg Convention on Social Security (signed 22 June 2012 in Luxembourg, in force 1 April 2018) lets your Brazilian insurance periods count toward Luxembourg's 12-month minimum (Article 17 of the convention) and the 120-month aggregated stage (CSS Art 171 via Article 14). The convention covers both Brazilian regimes administered by INSS (Instituto Nacional do Seguro Social) — the Regime Geral de Previdência Social (RGPS, private sector) and the Regime Próprio de Previdência Social (RPPS, public sector federal). When entering Brazilian months in the calculator, enter your total INSS coverage months across both regimes.

The calculator returns a Luxembourg pension under Article 16 — either the higher of the autonomous and pro-rata amounts (Article 16(1), if you qualify on Luxembourg periods alone) or the pro-rata amount alone (Article 16(2), if you only qualify through aggregation). The Brazil-Luxembourg convention is unique among Luxembourg's bilateral conventions in capping the pro-rata denominator at 480 months (Luxembourg's maximum-required duration for a full benefit) per Article 16(2)(c) — a user-favourable treaty quirk that nudges the pro-rata fraction upward when aggregated coverage exceeds 40 years. The convention also returns to the 1-year Luxembourg minimum gate (after four engines without it: Quebec, India, Japan, Korea); below 12 LU months no pension is paid even when aggregated coverage exceeds 120 months. The accuracy bar is ±5%, treaty-derived (not CCSS-validated). INSS computes the Brazilian-side benefit independently under Articles 14 and 16 of the convention, which this calculator does not estimate. The authentic languages are French and Portuguese (both equally authentic). The 2012 convention abrogates the 1965 LU-Brazil convention; rights already liquidated under the 1965 instrument are preserved by Article 32, but for prospective claimants only the 2012 convention applies.

Note on nationality scope. The CNAP overview page lists Brazil among four bilateral treaties restricted to nationals of the contracting party or of an EU member state. The 2012 convention's Article 3 is in fact open-scope — verbatim wording identical to the U.S., Canada, India, Japan, and Korea conventions. The calculator surfaces the Brazil-Luxembourg engine regardless of your nationality, consistent with the convention text. See Methodology — Brazil-Luxembourg Bilateral.

Yes. The Chile-Luxembourg Convention on Social Security (signed 3 June 1997 in Luxembourg, in force 1 July 1999) lets your Chilean insurance periods count toward Luxembourg's 12-month minimum (Article 16 of the convention) and the 120-month aggregated stage (CSS Art 171 via Article 11). The convention covers both Chilean pension pillars under Article 2(A): (a) the post-1981 private capitalisation system administered by AFPs (Administradoras de Fondos de Pensiones, regulated by Superintendencia de Pensiones), and (b) the older public PAYG system administered by IPS (Instituto de Previsión Social, the institution called INP at the time the convention was signed and renamed IPS in 2008). When entering Chilean months in the calculator, count your total Chilean coverage months across whichever pillar(s) apply.

The calculator returns a Luxembourg pension under Article 17 — either the higher of the autonomous and pro-rata amounts (Article 17(1), if you qualify on Luxembourg periods alone) or the pro-rata amount alone (Article 17(2), if you only qualify through aggregation). The convention is the oldest treaty in the active engine set (1997/1999, pre-dating the modern EU 883/2004-aligned pattern), but Phase 0 + Phase 1 audits confirmed it follows the same autonomous-or-better + pro-rata structure as the modern treaties — no structural divergence. Two minor distinctions worth noting: the article numbering is inverted relative to U.S.-Luxembourg (CL-LU has Article 16 = 1-year minimum and Article 17 = calculation paths; US-LU has these swapped), and there is no pro-rata-denominator cap (unlike Brazil-Luxembourg's 480-month cap). Like Brazil-Luxembourg, Chile-Luxembourg returns to the 1-year LU minimum gate (after four engines without it: Quebec, India, Japan, Korea); below 12 LU months no pension is paid even when aggregated coverage exceeds 120 months, though contributions may be reimbursed at age 65 on request. The accuracy bar is ±5%, treaty-derived (not CCSS-validated). The Chilean institutions (AFPs / IPS) compute the Chilean-side benefit independently under Article 18, which this calculator does not estimate. The authentic languages are French and Spanish (both equally authentic; no tiebreaker). See Methodology — Chile-Luxembourg Bilateral.

Yes. The Argentina-Luxembourg Convention on Social Security (signed 13 May 2010 at Alcalá de Henares, in force 1 December 2014) lets your Argentine insurance periods count toward Luxembourg's 12-month minimum (Article 14 of the convention) and the 120-month aggregated stage (CSS Art 171 via Article 11). The convention's coverage scope is comprehensive: per Article 2(1)(A)(a) it covers contributory old-age, invalidity, and survivors' benefits administered by every level of the Argentine pension system — the national-level SIPA (Sistema Integrado Previsional Argentino), administered by ANSES (Administración Nacional de la Seguridad Social); provincial public-employee schemes (the cajas provinciales not transferred to ANSES); professional-body schemes (the cajas profesionales); and municipal contributory schemes. When entering Argentine months in the calculator, count your total Argentine coverage months across whichever schemes apply — no per-scheme split is required on the Luxembourg side.

The calculator returns a Luxembourg pension under Article 13 — either the higher of the autonomous and pro-rata amounts (Article 13(1), if you qualify on Luxembourg periods alone) or the pro-rata amount alone (Article 13(2), if you only qualify through aggregation). Like Brazil-Luxembourg, Argentina-Luxembourg caps the pro-rata denominator at 480 months per Article 13(2)(c) — Luxembourg's maximum-required duration for a full benefit. This clause is verbatim-identical to Brazil-Luxembourg 16(2)(c) and is user-favourable: a user with very long aggregated coverage gets a higher pro-rata fraction. The convention also has the 1-year Luxembourg minimum gate (Article 14); below 12 LU months no pension is paid even when aggregated coverage exceeds 120 months. The accuracy bar is ±5%, treaty-derived (not CCSS-validated). Each Argentine institution computes its own benefit under its own rules and aggregates with Luxembourg periods under Articles 11 and 13 of the convention; this calculator does not estimate the Argentine side. The authentic languages are French and Spanish (both equally authentic; no tiebreaker). See Methodology — Argentina-Luxembourg Bilateral.

Yes. The Uruguay-Luxembourg Convention on Social Security (signed 24 September 2012 in Luxembourg, in force 1 September 2014) lets your Uruguayan insurance periods count toward Luxembourg's 12-month minimum (Article 14 of the convention) and the 120-month aggregated stage (CSS Art 171 via Article 11). The convention covers both Uruguayan pension pillars under Article 2(A)(a): (a) the public PAYG system (« système de solidarité intergénérationnelle ») administered by BPS (Banco de Previsión Social), Uruguay's primary social-security institution and the direct counterpart to LU's CNAP, and (b) the mandatory private capitalisation system (« système d'épargne individuelle obligatoire ») administered by AFAPs (Administradoras de Fondos de Ahorro Previsional) under the supervision of the Banco Central del Uruguay. When entering Uruguayan months in the calculator, count your total Uruguayan coverage months across whichever pillar(s) apply.

The calculator returns a Luxembourg pension under Article 13 — either the higher of the autonomous and pro-rata amounts (Article 13(1), if you qualify on Luxembourg periods alone) or the pro-rata amount alone (Article 13(2), if you only qualify through aggregation). The Uruguay-Luxembourg convention shares the 480-month pro-rata-denominator cap with Brazil-Luxembourg and Argentina-Luxembourg per Article 13(2)(c) — verbatim identical closing sentence to BR-LU 16(2)(c). For a user with 30 LU + 480 UY months, the pro-rata fraction becomes 30 / min(510, 480) = 30 / 480 — user-favourable when aggregated coverage exceeds 40 years. Like Brazil-Luxembourg, Argentina-Luxembourg, and Chile-Luxembourg, Uruguay-Luxembourg has the 1-year LU minimum gate (Article 14): below 12 LU months no pension is paid even when aggregated coverage exceeds 120 months. The accuracy bar is ±5%, treaty-derived (not CCSS-validated). The Uruguayan institutions (BPS / AFAPs) compute the Uruguayan-side benefit independently under Articles 11 and 18 of the convention, which this calculator does not estimate. The authentic languages are French and Spanish (both equally authentic; no tiebreaker). See Methodology — Uruguay-Luxembourg Bilateral.

Yes. The Albania-Luxembourg Convention on Social Security (signed 27 October 2014, in force 1 July 2016) lets your Albanian insurance periods count toward Luxembourg's 12-month minimum (Article 15 of the convention) and the 120-month aggregated stage (CSS Art 171 via Article 6). The convention covers Albania's mandatory public PAYG pension system administered by ISSH (Instituti i Sigurimeve Shoqërore) — a single-pillar scheme; when entering Albanian months in the calculator, enter your total ISSH coverage months.

The calculator returns a Luxembourg pension under Article 17 — either the higher of the autonomous and pro-rata amounts (Article 17(1), if you qualify on Luxembourg periods alone) or the pro-rata amount alone (Article 17(2), if you only qualify through aggregation). Albania-Luxembourg is the fourth engine in the fleet to ship a 480-month pro-rata-denominator cap (after BR-LU, AR-LU, UY-LU) and the only one in the T15 Western Balkans cluster with an explicit cap clause — the cap appears in Article 17(3) using different wording from the BR/AR/UY closing sentence of (2)(c) but with identical operative effect. Albania is the only non-Yugoslav-successor in the cluster (the other four — BiH, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia — sit on a Yugoslav-successor lineage that AL-LU does not share). The accuracy bar is ±5%, treaty-derived (not CCSS-validated). ISSH computes the Albanian-side benefit independently. The authentic languages are French and Albanian (no tiebreaker). See Methodology — Albania-Luxembourg Bilateral.

Yes. The Bosnia and Herzegovina-Luxembourg Convention on Social Security (signed 8 April 2011, in force 1 December 2012) lets your BiH insurance periods count toward Luxembourg's 12-month minimum (Article 24 of the convention) and the 120-month aggregated stage (CSS Art 171 via Article 6). The convention covers BiH's pension and invalidity insurance at the state level, with no sub-entity carve-outs — Article 2 treats BiH as a single state-level counterparty even though BiH's pension administration is internally split between PIO/MIO Federation BiH (Sarajevo) and PIO Republika Srpska (Bijeljina). The internal allocation is BiH's domestic concern; when entering BiH months in the calculator, enter your total BiH coverage months across all sub-entities.

The calculator returns a Luxembourg pension under Article 23 — either the higher of the autonomous and pro-rata amounts (Article 23(1), if you qualify on Luxembourg periods alone) or the pro-rata amount alone (Article 23(2), if you only qualify through aggregation). BA-LU does NOT contain an explicit 480-month pro-rata-denominator cap inside the calculation article — Luxembourg domestic law (CSS Art 220) provides the 480-month max via the theoretical-amount calculation, so the engine pays the user no less than LU domestic law would on its own. BA-LU is a Yugoslav-successor treaty: Article 55 abrogates the 1954 LU-Yugoslavia convention in BiH-LU relations; for prospective claimants only the 2011 convention applies. The accuracy bar is ±5%, treaty-derived (not CCSS-validated). The authentic languages are French, Bosnian, Croatian, and Serbian (four texts equally authentic). See Methodology — Bosnia and Herzegovina-Luxembourg Bilateral.

Yes. The Montenegro-Luxembourg Convention on Social Security (signed 19 February 2008, in force 1 May 2009) lets your Montenegrin insurance periods count toward Luxembourg's 12-month minimum (Article 24 of the convention) and the 120-month aggregated stage (CSS Art 171 via Article 8). The convention covers Montenegro's public PAYG pension system administered by Fond PIO Crne Gore (the Pension and Invalidity Insurance Fund of Montenegro) — a single-pillar scheme; when entering Montenegrin months in the calculator, enter your total Fond PIO coverage months. Note that the administrative arrangement was published with delay at Mémorial A 2016-80 (the same Mémorial issue as the MK-LU administrative arrangement).

The calculator returns a Luxembourg pension under Article 23 — either the higher of the autonomous and pro-rata amounts (Article 23(1), if you qualify on Luxembourg periods alone) or the pro-rata amount alone (Article 23(2), if you only qualify through aggregation). ME-LU does NOT contain an explicit 480-month pro-rata-denominator cap inside the calculation article — Luxembourg domestic law (CSS Art 220) provides the 480-month max via the theoretical-amount calculation. ME-LU is a Yugoslav-successor treaty: Article 55 abrogates the 2003 LU-Serbia/Montenegro convention in ME-LU relations (the 1954 LU-Yugoslavia link sits separately in Article 54 for family-allowance preservation only — pensions are unaffected). The accuracy bar is ±5%, treaty-derived (not CCSS-validated). The authentic languages are French and Montenegrin (no tiebreaker). See Methodology — Montenegro-Luxembourg Bilateral.

Yes. The North Macedonia-Luxembourg Convention on Social Security (signed 28 November 2006 — Phase 0 errata correction, earlier references to 2008 were incorrect — in force 1 May 2009) lets your Macedonian insurance periods count toward Luxembourg's 12-month minimum (Article 25 of the convention) and the 120-month aggregated stage (CSS Art 171 via Article 6). The convention covers North Macedonia's public PAYG pension and disability insurance system administered by Fond na PIOM (Фонд на ПИОМ), the Pension and Disability Insurance Fund of North Macedonia. When entering Macedonian months in the calculator, enter your total Fond na PIOM coverage months.

The treaty was signed under the country's pre-Prespa-Agreement name (« République de Macédoine »); the 2018 Prespa Agreement renamed the country to the Republic of North Macedonia, but treaty validity is unaffected. The calculator returns a Luxembourg pension under Article 24 — either the higher of the autonomous and pro-rata amounts (Article 24(1) + 24(3) comparison rule, a unique split max-of drafting in the cluster, if you qualify on Luxembourg periods alone) or the pro-rata amount alone (Article 24(2), if you only qualify through aggregation). MK-LU also uses numbered sub-paragraph drafting (Article 24(2)(1)/(2)/(3)) rather than the lettered (a)/(b)/(c) used by AL/BA/ME — algorithmically identical to cluster siblings. MK-LU does NOT contain an explicit 480-month pro-rata-denominator cap inside the calculation article — Luxembourg domestic law (CSS Art 220) provides the 480-month max via the theoretical-amount calculation. MK-LU is a Yugoslav-successor treaty: Article 53 abrogates the 1954 LU-Yugoslavia convention in MK-LU relations (with Article 53(3) explicit on pending-claim treatment under predecessor rules). The accuracy bar is ±5%, treaty-derived (not CCSS-validated). The authentic languages are French and Macedonian (no tiebreaker). See Methodology — North Macedonia-Luxembourg Bilateral.

Yes. The Serbia-Luxembourg Convention on Social Security (signed 7 June 2013, in force 1 November 2014) lets your Serbian insurance periods count toward Luxembourg's 12-month minimum (Article 24 of the convention) and the 120-month aggregated stage (CSS Art 171 via Article 8). The convention covers Serbia's public PAYG pension and disability insurance system administered by PIO Fond Republike Srbije (the Pension and Disability Insurance Fund of the Republic of Serbia) — a single-pillar scheme; when entering Serbian months in the calculator, enter your total PIO Fond coverage months.

The calculator returns a Luxembourg pension under Article 23 — either the higher of the autonomous and pro-rata amounts (Article 23(1), if you qualify on Luxembourg periods alone) or the pro-rata amount alone (Article 23(2), if you only qualify through aggregation). RS-LU uses numbered sub-paragraph drafting (Article 23(2)(1)/(2)/(3)) matching MK-LU — algorithmically identical to cluster siblings. RS-LU does NOT contain an explicit 480-month pro-rata-denominator cap inside the calculation article — Luxembourg domestic law (CSS Art 220) provides the 480-month max via the theoretical-amount calculation. RS-LU sits in a unique two-layer predecessor lineage: 1954 LU-Yugoslavia → 2003 LU-Serbia/Montenegro → 2013 RS-LU; Article 52 abrogates the 2003 instrument and protects vested rights under both predecessors, but for prospective claimants only the 2013 convention applies. The accuracy bar is ±5%, treaty-derived (not CCSS-validated). The authentic languages are French and Serbian (no tiebreaker). See Methodology — Serbia-Luxembourg Bilateral.

Yes. The Moldova-Luxembourg Convention on Social Security (signed 14 June 2010 in Luxembourg, in force 1 January 2012) lets your Moldovan insurance periods count toward Luxembourg's 12-month minimum (Article 19 of the convention) and the 120-month aggregated stage (CSS Art 171 via Article 6). The convention covers Moldova's public pension system administered by CNAS (Casa Naţională de Asigurări Sociale, Moldova's National Social Insurance House) — a single-pillar PAYG scheme. Per the Luxembourg IGSS guidance letter of 29 December 2011, CNAS is the single Moldovan institution under the convention — both organisme de liaison and institution compétente, including for postings. When entering Moldovan months in the calculator, enter your total CNAS coverage months.

The calculator returns a Luxembourg pension under Article 18. An interpretive note: Article 18(2) literally reads as autonomous-only when Luxembourg alone qualifies, with no « le montant le plus élevé est seul retenu » clause. The IGSS guidance letter explicitly clarifies LU operational practice — « le double calcul est à effectuer, bien que le texte de la convention ne le prévoie pas explicitement … le libellé de l'article 18 est un texte de compromis » — Luxembourg performs the double calculation under all of its bilateral instruments. The calculator therefore pays the higher of the autonomous and pro-rata amounts under Article 18(1)+(2) when LU alone qualifies (≥ 120 months), and the pro-rata amount alone under Article 18(3) when only aggregation qualifies. MD-LU does NOT contain an explicit 480-month pro-rata-denominator cap — Article 18(3)(c) caps the theoretical-amount calculation only (functionally redundant with LU domestic CSS Art 220 at 480 months). MD-LU is a greenfield treaty — no predecessor convention abrogated; despite geographic adjacency to the Western Balkans, MD's instrument was negotiated independently of the post-Yugoslav framework. The accuracy bar is ±5%, treaty-derived (not CCSS-validated). The authentic languages are French and Moldovan / Romanian (no tiebreaker). See Methodology — Moldova-Luxembourg Bilateral.

It depends on your nationality. The Morocco-Luxembourg Convention on Social Security (signed 2 October 2006, in force 1 February 2013) is the first nationality-restricted bilateral engine confirmed in production: per the convention's Article 2 (Champ d'application personnel), the agreement applies only to (1) workers who are nationals of the contracting parties (LU + MA), (2) refugees residing in either party's territory, and (3) family members and survivors of those in (1) and (2). The calculator extends the operational scope to all EU-27 nationals via EU non-discrimination doctrine. If your nationality qualifies, your Moroccan insurance periods count toward Luxembourg's 12-month minimum (Article 20 of the convention) and the 120-month aggregated stage (CSS Art 171 via Article 8). The convention covers Morocco's three pension pillars administered respectively by CNSS (Caisse Nationale de Sécurité Sociale, private sector), CMR (Caisse Marocaine de Retraite, State officials), and RCAR (Régime Collectif d'Allocations de Retraite, public-establishment and local-collectivity employees). When entering Moroccan months in the calculator, count your total Moroccan-creditable months across whichever pillar(s) apply.

The calculator returns a Luxembourg pension under Article 24 — either the higher of the autonomous and pro-rata amounts (Article 24(1), if you qualify on Luxembourg periods alone) or the pro-rata amount alone (Article 24(2), if you only qualify through aggregation). MA-LU does NOT contain an explicit 480-month pro-rata-denominator cap (distinct from BR-LU 16(2)(c) / AR-LU 13(2)(c) / UY-LU 13(2)(c) / AL-LU 17(3)) — the pro-rata fraction uses the unbounded denominator LU_months / total_months. Luxembourg domestic law (CSS Art 220) provides the 480-month max via the theoretical-amount calculation. Refugees covered by Article 2 are not modelled in the engine's nationality gate (the calculator does not collect refugee status); affected users should contact CCSS for an authoritative determination. The accuracy bar is ±5%, treaty-derived (not CCSS-validated). The authentic languages are French and Arabic (no tiebreaker). See Methodology — Morocco-Luxembourg Bilateral.

It depends on your nationality. The Tunisia-Luxembourg Convention on Social Security (signed 30 November 2010, in force 18 February 2013) is the second nationality-restricted bilateral engine confirmed in production — and the first with an explicit in-treaty EU-27 extension provision. Per the convention's Article 2 (Champ d'application personnel), the agreement applies to (1) persons subject to the Article 4 legislation who are nationals of the contracting parties (LU + TN), (2) apatrides (stateless persons, per the 1954 New York Convention), (3) refugees residing in either party's territory (per the 1951 Geneva Convention), and (4) family members and survivors. The convention's Annexe contains a Luxembourgish unilateral declaration citing the binding CJEU GOTTARDO judgment (Case C-55/00) that explicitly extends the convention's application to all EU-27 nationals — the calculator's qualifying-nationality set is therefore TN ∪ EU-27, anchored in the convention text itself rather than in defaulted EU non-discrimination doctrine. If your nationality qualifies, your Tunisian insurance periods count toward Luxembourg's 12-month minimum (Article 24 of the convention) and the 120-month aggregated stage (CSS Art 171 via Article 9). The convention's Tunisian counterpart agency is CNSS (Caisse Nationale de Sécurité Sociale), administering Tunisia's general social-security regime; the public-sector regime is covered in parallel. When entering Tunisian months in the calculator, enter your total Tunisian-creditable months — single-pillar from the calculator's perspective.

The calculator returns a Luxembourg pension under Article 27 — either the higher of the autonomous and pro-rata amounts (Article 27(1), if you qualify on Luxembourg periods alone) or the pro-rata amount alone (Article 27(2), if you only qualify through aggregation). TN-LU contains the explicit 480-month pro-rata-denominator cap (Article 27(2)(c) closing « plafonnée » sentence — same shape as BR-LU 16(2)(c) / AR-LU 13(2)(c) / UY-LU 13(2)(c) / AL-LU 17(3); distinct from MA-LU which terminates without the trailer). The pro-rata fraction uses the capped denominator LU_months / min(total_months, 480). Article 58 of the 2010 convention preserves family-allowance rights from Articles 27-30 of the abrogated 1980 LU-TN convention for children born before 18 February 2013 — out of MVP scope (the calculator does old-age only); affected users should contact CCSS. Apatrides and refugees covered by Article 2 are not modelled in the engine's nationality gate (the calculator does not collect statelessness or refugee status); affected users should contact CCSS for an authoritative determination. The accuracy bar is ±5%, treaty-derived (not CCSS-validated). The authentic languages are French and Arabic (no tiebreaker). See Methodology — Tunisia-Luxembourg Bilateral.

It depends on your nationality. The Cape Verde-Luxembourg Convention on Social Security (signed 24 May 1989, in force 1 August 1992) is the third nationality-restricted bilateral engine confirmed in production and closes the BR/CV/MA/TN cohort audit at 3/4 restricted (Brazil being the modern-instrument outlier per T11). CV-LU is also the oldest treaty in the inventory: it pre-dates EU 883/2004 by 14 years and pre-dates the binding CJEU GOTTARDO judgment (Case C-55/00, 2002) by 13 years, so its article numbering diverges from the modern bilateral pattern (Article 2 = personal scope, Article 17 = totalisation + 1-year LU minimum, Article 20 = calculation). Per the convention's Article 2 §1 (Champ d'application personnel), the agreement applies to « personnes qui sont ou ont été soumises à la législation de l'une des Parties contractantes et qui sont des ressortissants de l'une de ces Parties » — the conjunctive clause makes nationality a hard cumulative gate alongside the legislation-subjection condition. Family members and survivors are also covered by Article 2 §1 but the calculator does not collect family-relationship metadata (the MVP scopes age-65 personal old-age claims only). The calculator extends the operational scope to all EU-27 nationals via EU non-discrimination doctrine — same mechanism as MA-LU; CV-LU has no in-treaty Annexe (pre-Gottardo era). If your nationality qualifies, your Cape Verdean insurance periods count toward Luxembourg's 12-month minimum (Article 17 §3 of the convention) and the 120-month aggregated stage (CSS Art 171 via Article 17 §1). The convention's Cape Verdean counterpart agency is INPS (Instituto Nacional de Previdência Social), administering Cape Verde's single-pillar public PAYG pension system. When entering Cape Verdean months in the calculator, enter your total INPS-creditable months — single-pillar from the calculator's perspective.

The calculator returns a Luxembourg pension under Article 20 — either the higher of the autonomous and pro-rata amounts (Article 20 §1, if you qualify on Luxembourg periods alone) or the pro-rata amount alone (Article 20 §2, if you only qualify through aggregation). CV-LU does NOT contain an explicit 480-month pro-rata-denominator cap (matches MA-LU; distinct from BR-LU 16(2)(c) / TN-LU 27(2)(c) / AR-LU 13(2)(c) / UY-LU 13(2)(c) / AL-LU 17(3)) — the pro-rata fraction uses the unbounded denominator LU_months / total_months. Luxembourg domestic law (CSS Art 220) provides the 480-month max via the theoretical-amount calculation. The 1989 convention has had zero avenants in the 34 years since signing — the 1989 base text is operative. Refugees and stateless persons are not explicit in CV-LU's Article 2 (distinct from MA-LU and TN-LU which carry explicit carve-outs); CCSS may apply analogue treatment under the 1951 Geneva Convention or 1954 New York Convention, but this is not modelled in the engine — affected users should contact CCSS for an authoritative determination. The accuracy bar is ±5%, treaty-derived (not CCSS-validated). The authentic languages are French and Portuguese (both equally authentic; no tiebreaker). See Methodology — Cape Verde-Luxembourg Bilateral.

The Turkey-Luxembourg Convention on Social Security (signed 20 November 2003, in force 1 June 2006) is an open-scope bilateral — Article 3 (Champ d'application personnel) imposes no nationality restriction (« Les dispositions de la présente convention sont applicables aux personnes qui sont ou ont été soumises à la législation de l'une ou des deux Parties contractantes, ainsi qu'aux membres de leur famille et à leurs survivants »). Verbatim audit confirms CNAP's overview-page summary: TR-LU is not in the BR/CV/MA/TN restricted cohort. Your Turkish insurance periods count toward Luxembourg's 12-month minimum (Article 25 §1 of the convention) and the 120-month aggregated stage (CSS Art 171 via Article 23 §1) regardless of your nationality. Multi-pillar Turkish coverage scope: the 2003 convention pre-dates Turkey's 2006–2008 social-security unification (Law No. 5502/2006 + Law No. 5510/2008) and Article 2 §1.A captures all three pre-2008 old-age funds — SSK (Sosyal Sigortalar Kurumu, predecessor of unified SGK; private-sector salaried + agricultural workers), Emekli Sandığı (Caisse de Retraite; civil servants), and Bağ-Kur (self-employed: artisans, liberal professions, non-salaried agricultural workers) — plus transitional caisses under Loi 506 art. 20. Post-2008 the unified SGK (Sosyal Güvenlik Kurumu) administers all of them. The convention is fund-agnostic on the Turkish side, so when entering Turkish months in the calculator, enter your total Turkish-creditable months across whichever pre-2008 fund(s) applied to your career history; for users with pre-2008 Turkish years, the relevant historical institution depends on your employment category at the time. The administrative arrangement (signed 8 December 2004, before unification) names the three pre-2008 institutions as competent for old-age / invalidity / survivors; CCSS practice today routes inquiries through SGK as the unified successor.

The calculator returns a Luxembourg pension under Article 24 — either the higher of the autonomous and pro-rata amounts (Article 24 §1, if you qualify on Luxembourg periods alone, with the explicit max-clause « Le montant le plus élevé est seul retenu ») or the pro-rata amount alone (Article 24 §2, if you only qualify through aggregation). The autonomous-or-better path is treaty-explicit — no IGSS-letter dependency required (contrast MD-LU 18(2) which lacks the clause and required IGSS interpretation). TR-LU does NOT contain an explicit 480-month pro-rata-denominator cap (matches MA-LU and CV-LU; distinct from BR-LU 16(2)(c) / TN-LU 27(2)(c) / AR-LU 13(2)(c) / UY-LU 13(2)(c) / AL-LU 17(3)) — the pro-rata fraction uses the unbounded denominator LU_months / total_months. Luxembourg domestic law (CSS Art 220) provides the 480-month max via the theoretical-amount calculation. Long Turkish-tail user profile common — Luxembourg has a long-standing Turkish migrant community going back to the 1960s–70s recruitment waves, often with 20+ year Turkish tails paired with shorter Luxembourg tails; the engine's pro-rata path is load-bearing for this user segment. No avenants since 2006 EIF — the 2003 base text is operative. The accuracy bar is ±5%, treaty-derived (not CCSS-validated). The authentic languages are French and Turkish (both equally authentic; no tiebreaker). See Methodology — Turkey-Luxembourg Bilateral.

The Philippines-Luxembourg Agreement on Social Security (signed 15 May 2015, in force 1 January 2020) is an open-scope bilateral — Article 3 (Personal scope) imposes no nationality restriction (“This Agreement shall apply to all persons who are or have been subject to the legislation of a Contracting State, as well as to other persons who derive rights from such persons.”). Verbatim audit confirms CNAP's overview-page summary: PH-LU is not in the BR/CV/MA/TN restricted cohort. Your Philippine insurance periods count toward Luxembourg's 12-month minimum (Article 17 § 1 of the agreement) and the 120-month aggregated stage (CSS Art 171 via Article 14) regardless of your nationality. Multi-pillar Philippine coverage scope: Article 2 § 1 (b) of the agreement enumerates three Philippine pension-relevant legislations — SSS (Social Security System; private-sector employees, self-employed, and Overseas Filipino Workers / OFWs), GSIS (Government Service Insurance System; civil servants, military, and other public-sector personnel), and the Portability Law (RA 7699) which handles within-Philippines totalisation between SSS and GSIS. Both SSS and GSIS remain active independent institutions today (no equivalent of Turkey's 2008 SGK unification). The convention is fund-agnostic on the Philippine side, so when entering Philippine months in the calculator, enter your total Philippine-creditable months across both pillars; for users with Philippine years, the relevant institution depends on your employment category at the time (private-sector or OFW → SSS; civil servant or military → GSIS).

The calculator returns a Luxembourg pension under Article 18 — either the higher of the autonomous and pro-rata amounts (Article 18 §§ 1 + 2, if you qualify on Luxembourg periods alone, with the explicit max-clause “Only the higher of these two amounts shall be taken into consideration”) or the pro-rata amount alone (Article 18 § 3, if you only qualify through aggregation). The autonomous-or-better path is treaty-explicit — no IGSS-letter dependency required (contrast MD-LU 18(2) which lacks the clause and required IGSS interpretation). PH-LU does NOT contain an explicit 480-month pro-rata-denominator cap (matches TR-LU, MA-LU, CV-LU, MD-LU, ME-LU; distinct from BR-LU 16(2)(c) / TN-LU 27(2)(c) / AR-LU 13(2)(c) / UY-LU 13(2)(c) / AL-LU 17(3)) — the pro-rata fraction uses the unbounded denominator LU_months / total_months. Luxembourg domestic law (CSS Art 220) provides the 480-month max via the theoretical-amount calculation. Article 19 baby-years particularity: the Luxembourg child-raising credit is conditioned on the user having last completed insurance periods under Luxembourg legislation before the birth or adoption of the child; mixed-career users with Philippine periods completed after their last LU period should contact CCSS to confirm baby-year eligibility. Long Philippine-tail user profile common — Luxembourg has a notable Filipino migrant-worker community, often with OFW-style career patterns (15–25 year Philippine tails paired with shorter Luxembourg tails); the engine's pro-rata path is load-bearing for this user segment. No avenants since 2020 EIF — the 2015 base text is operative. The accuracy bar is ±5%, treaty-derived (not CCSS-validated). The authentic language is English (single; “Done at Luxembourg, on 15th May 2015, in the English language in two originals.”) — the cleanest primary-source verification path in the inventory. T21 PH-LU is the FINAL per-treaty PR; closes the 22-treaty rebuild. See Methodology — Philippines-Luxembourg Bilateral.

The calculator's multi-treaty dispatcher handles this automatically. The five Western Balkans bilateral conventions — Albania (AL), Bosnia and Herzegovina (BA), Montenegro (ME), North Macedonia (MK), Serbia (RS) — all share a single drafting template and operate as independent treaty paths. If you've worked in two or more of these countries, the dispatcher computes the Luxembourg pension separately under each applicable bilateral and pays whichever path produces the highest amount, mirroring CCSS's published accord par accord practice — the principle of most favourable.

The four Yugoslav-successor treaties (BA, ME, MK, RS) share the same calculation pattern: autonomous-or-better path under (1), pro-rata aggregation path under (2), with no convention-level 480-cap (Luxembourg domestic CSS Art 220 fallback applies via the theoretical-amount calculation). Albania is the cluster outlier — it's the only non-Yugoslav-successor in the cluster and the only treaty in the cluster with an explicit Article 17(3) 480-month pro-rata-denominator cap (functionally equivalent to the BR/AR/UY 480-cap clauses, different wording). When entering coverage months, enter the total coverage in each respective country's national pension system; the dispatcher composes them automatically. The accuracy bar is ±5% per treaty path, treaty-derived (not CCSS-validated). See the per-treaty methodology blocks for full detail: Albania, BiH, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia.

If your career was entirely in a non-treaty country (for example, some Gulf states, Singapore, Hong Kong, or certain African countries), those years do not count toward Luxembourg's minimum stage or pension formula. You would need 10 years of insurance earned in Luxembourg itself (or another treaty country) to qualify for any Luxembourg pension.

In decreasing order of likelihood:

1. Transitional rules (2013 reform). If you started working before 2013 and retire during the phase-in window through 2052, CNAP may apply transitional protections MyPensionPlan.lu does not model.
2. Data differences. A slightly different career start year, salary history, or retirement date changes results noticeably.
3. Optional cases outside the current input set. Assurance continuée top-ups, rachat purchases of past periods, and the 2026 progressive-pension fraction are not accepted as inputs.

For material differences (more than 5%), please flag it — we'd like to investigate.

Baby years (années bébé) are insurance credits for parents who took time out to care for children. The applicable regime depends on the parent's insurance status around the birth.

Art. 171 §7 grants up to 24 months per child (48 if the child has a ≥50% disability or there were ≥2 other minors in the household at birth) as obligatory-equivalent insurance — counted toward both the 10-year stage and MF. It applies when the parent was insured within 12 months before or 24 months after the birth. Art. 172 §4 credits parents who don't meet §7's affiliation window as complementary periods, counted toward the stage only.

The calculator takes each child's birth year, the claiming parent, and the special-status flag, then infers which regime applies from your career start year.

Luxembourg's échelle mobile des salaires adjusts wages and pensions upward when the cost-of-living index rises by 2.5%. Over decades, this keeps pensions aligned with consumer prices. The pension formula converts every historical salary into "index 100" terms before summing — this is why a 1995 salary and a 2025 salary can be directly compared in the calculation.

Indexation is also why the MF and MP amounts in your pension breakdown are multiplied by the current index value (968.04 in 2026).

Separate from indexation, the facteur de revalorisation adjusts pensions for general real wage growth in Luxembourg. For pensions starting in 2026, the factor is 1.570. This is set by grand-ducal regulation annually, based on economic data from four years earlier (the "N-4" rule).

As of 2026, yes — the progressive pension, new in 2026, lets you continue part-time work while drawing a fraction of your pension, provided you meet the conditions for age-60 retirement. This is a significant change, offering a gradual exit rather than a binary retire/don't-retire choice.

Specific conditions and how the fraction is calculated are published by CNAP. Speak to them directly or to a qualified adviser before structuring this.

Yes. You can continue in paid employment or self-employment past 65 while drawing your full pension. The 2026 reform introduced a new tax abatement for people who could retire but choose to continue working, claimable via MyGuichet.lu.

If you continue working without claiming your pension, each additional year also adds to your MF and MP components, potentially crossing the échelonnement threshold (see Methodology).

New from 2026, if you qualify for early retirement but continue working, you can claim up to €9,000 per year in tax-free income on your taxable income. Claim it via MyGuichet.lu. The intent is to encourage longer careers, partly offsetting the actuarial incentive to retire as early as possible.

Periods without contributions don't add to your career total — they're effectively a zero for that time. Some interruptions (parental leave, illness, unemployment with benefits) preserve insurance status. Long unpaid gaps reduce your pension proportionally unless covered by voluntary or continued insurance (assurance continuée).

If you're a Luxembourg tax resident, your pension is taxable income, subject to progressive income tax. Health insurance at 2.80% is deducted from the gross pension, and dependency insurance at 1.40% is applied to the gross pension minus a monthly allowance of €675.94.

For a rough guide: if your gross pension is €5,000 per month, your net take-home is typically €4,000–€4,300 depending on your family situation and any other income.

Double-taxation treaties between Luxembourg and your country of residence determine how your pension is taxed. In most cases, Luxembourg applies a withholding tax on payment and the country of residence provides either an exemption or a tax credit. Portugal, France, Belgium, and Germany each have different specifics. Professional tax advice is worth the cost here.

Social security contributions are capped at €13,518.68 per month in 2026. This is five times the unqualified minimum social wage, adjusted periodically for indexation. Earnings above this ceiling are not subject to pension contributions and don't add to your future pension.

Three categories are accepted as inputs:

• Study years — up to 9 years of higher education or unpaid professional training after age 18, under CSS Art. 174 (as amended by Law 8634, 2026-01-01, which removed the pre-reform age-27 ceiling).
• Baby years — 24 or 48 months per child under Art. 171 §7 or Art. 172 §4, regime inferred from your career start year and each child's birth year.
• Career gaps — declared stretches with no insurance contribution.

Residuals outside the current input set: military service, maternity leave as a separable credit beyond baby-year coverage, assurance continuée, and rachat. See Methodology for the underlying articles.

You can. Declared career gaps are an accepted input, and each gap is removed from the contributing years of the MP calculation. Finer-grained scenarios with variable real salary growth — phased part-time, late promotions, mid-career raises — are not modelled separately; lower the real-salary-growth parameter or run multiple scenarios to approximate them.

Insurance periods are entered country by country plus your nationality and (if you're leaving) your relocation country. The calculator runs the Luxembourg pension calculation under every applicable coordination instrument and pays the highest, mirroring CNAP's published accord par accord practice — the principle of most favourable.

• EU coordination (Reg 883/2004) — when any career period is in EU/EEA/Switzerland/UK, the dispatcher computes the Article 52 dual calculation: max of the autonomous amount (LU-only) and the pro-rata amount (theoretical full-career LU pension scaled by the LU share of total months). Foreign months are imputed at the LU average earnings under Art. 56(1)(c). The 12-month LU gate and the aggregated 120-month stage gate both apply.
• Bilateral treaties — Luxembourg has 22 bilateral social-security agreements with non-EU countries. All 21 bilateral countries with totalisation are now backed by per-treaty engines (United States, Canada, Quebec, India, Japan, South Korea, Brazil, Chile, Argentina, Uruguay, Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Cape Verde, Moldova, Montenegro, Morocco, North Macedonia, Serbia, the Philippines, Tunisia, Turkey) — each runs its own dual calculation (autonomous vs. pro-rata) on the result panel; the 22-treaty rebuild is complete (the 22nd is China, postings-only — see below). Cape Verde, Morocco, and Tunisia are restricted to nationals of the contracting party or of an EU member state. The Morocco-Luxembourg engine ships with that nationality gate enforced — its Article 2 was read in full as part of the per-treaty PR Phase 0 audit and confirmed nationality-restricted. Brazil is listed alongside these on CNAP's overview page, but the Brazil 2012 convention's Article 3 is open-scope — the calculator surfaces the Brazil-Luxembourg engine regardless of your nationality, consistent with the convention text.
• Postings-only treaty (China) — the LU-CN convention governs equal treatment and benefit export but does not aggregate periods for old-age pensions. The Luxembourg standalone amount applies on this path.
• No agreement — for any other destination, the Luxembourg standalone amount applies, with a payability caveat to confirm with CNAP before relocating.

Each non-LU country pays its own pension under its own rules and on its own schedule. See Methodology — multi-treaty calculation.

It's a forecast, not a prediction. Parameters set annually (index, revaluation factor) are held flat at today's values. Rates in the formula (MF, MP, threshold, échelonnement bonus) follow the law-fixed phase-in schedule through 2052, so those aren't forecast. As CNAP publishes each new year's values, forecasts refine automatically — the forecast for 2045 will improve as parameters for 2027, 2028, and later years are published.

Expect forecasts further from the present to drift by a few percent in either direction as actual parameters land.

No. MyPensionPlan.lu is an independent calculator that implements the official CNAP formula, validated against CNAP's own published worked examples. It's not affiliated with CNAP and is not a replacement for an official CNAP estimate (available from age 55).